The development of professional competencies is an essential component in the education of nursing students due to the growing demands of health systems. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the scientific evidence on professional competencies, the educational strategies used for their development, and the factors that favor or limit their consolidation. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines through searches in international databases and the application of previously established eligibility criteria. The studies analyzed show that clinical simulation, supervised practice, continuous feedback, and reflective learning strengthen clinical, communicative, ethical, and critical reasoning competencies. In addition, the quality of the clinical environment, teacher mentoring, and professional identity significantly influence competency development. It is concluded that competency-based education requires comprehensive pedagogical strategies and educational contexts that promote meaningful learning.
Jimena Palomino Malca, Juan Pedro Soplapuco Montalvo· Universidad, Ciencia y Tecno...· 0 citations
Critical thinking is an essential competency for addressing the challenges of contemporary education. The objective of this systematic review was to analyze the teaching strategies with the strongest scientific support for its development across different educational contexts. The study was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines through the review of twenty studies published between 2022 and 2026, selected from specialized databases according to quality and relevance criteria. The results show that problem-based learning, project-based learning, metacognition, and active methodologies are the most effective strategies for strengthening analysis, argumentation, problem-solving, and self-regulation skills. Likewise, generative artificial intelligence emerges as a complementary resource whose impact depends on appropriate pedagogical mediation. It is concluded that the development of critical thinking requires a comprehensive educational approach that articulates didactic innovation, teacher training, and emerging technologies.
Violeta Chamaya Becerra, Juan Pedro Soplapuco Montalvo· Minerva· 0 citations
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