Comparative Human Factors Analysis of Exxon Valdez (1989) and Ever Given (2021) Accidents with FRAM – Learning from Complex Decisions in Maritime High-Risk Operations
Maritime operations are complex sociotechnical systems in which environmental conditions, technological resources, organizational arrangements, and human performance interact continuously and non-linearly. This paper comparatively reanalyzes two emblematic maritime accidents separated by 32 years: the Exxon Valdez gr...