Energy Management in a Microgrid with Integration of Distributed Energy Resources

Abstract

To meet the growing demand for electricity and address the increasing technical and environmental challenges, the Power System (PS) sector has placed a heavy emphasis on integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) into distribution systems (DS). However, effectively placing DERs, such as solar panels, Gas turbines, and capacitor banks, into the DS is necessary. Otherwise, the various technical aspects, such as Power Quality, Stability, Reliability, and Voltage Management, will be the biggest concern. In this paper, simulations are conducted on the IEEE-69,118 Bus system to consider the effective integration of DERs into the DS. This integration is utilised to achieve independent optimisation of power loss (PLoss), operational cost, and emissions using the Puma Optimisation (PO) and Dragonfly Algorithm (DA) Optimisation. The proposed work has shown promising outcomes in resolving complex optimisation problems. This methodology attempts to optimise the size and placement of DERs in DS, taking into account several factors such as the voltage stability index, voltage fluctuations, PLoss reduction minimisation, operational costs, and emissions. Finally, the results using the approach have enhanced the DS performance while lowering the Cost expenses and environmental impact.