A Full-Lifecycle Governance Framework for Dual-Carbon Data: Coupling Green Energy-Efficiency Optimization with Data-Quality Enhancement

Abstract

The carbon peaking and carbon neutrality transition has turned carbon-related data into a strategic production factor. Nevertheless, the data as the basis for dual-carbon decision-making is fragmented, inconsistent and difficult to trace across the organizations producing it. This paper proposes a full-lifecycle governance framework that treats dual-carbon data as a managed asset from acquisition to sharing, and couples that governance layer with a green energy-efficiency optimization mechanism so that data quality and the energy cost of managing data are enhanced together rather than in opposition. The framework is built with four integrated controls—provenance, limited usage scope, circulation, and mitigation of security risk—and expressed through a common data catalog that allows for interoperability of multi-source records. A layered quality-enhancement pipeline scores each record for completeness, consistency, timeliness and accuracy, routing low-confidence records to targeted remediation rather than wholesale reprocessing, where most of the energy savings come from. We evaluate the framework on eleven months of operational data from a data platform in the energy sector covering nine business departments and compare it against a traditional centralized-cleaning baseline. The composite data-quality score increases from 0.71 to 0.93, cross-departmental record linkage improves by 28.6 percent, and energy consumed per governed record decreases by 34.2 percent, largely due to the selective application of remediation. A case study on cross-border carbon-tariff reporting under the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism reveals that the governed catalog reduces the effort of assembling a compliant emissions declaration from days to hours. The results show that lifecycle governance and green efficiency are complementary design goals and that their joint treatment provides a mechanism that can be deployed in real enterprise settings.