Dimension-free estimates for full discrete maximal functions associated with Euclidean balls and spheres

Abstract

We prove that the full discrete Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator associated with Euclidean balls satisfies dimension-free bounds on $\ell^p(\mathbb Z^d)$ for every $1<p<\infty$. We also establish analogous dimension-free bounds for the full discrete spherical maximal operator when $d\geq 5$ and $2\leq p<\infty$. The main new idea is to approximate the relevant Fourier multipliers by finite linear combinations of normalized discrete Gaussian multipliers and their translates. We obtain these approximations uniformly in frequency and with uniformly bounded coefficients through a refined saddle-point analysis. The ball result resolves a question of E.M. Stein, while the spherical result gives, in the range $p\geq 2$, a dimension-free strengthening of the theorem of Magyar, Stein, and Wainger.