Role of Brahmi Ghrita in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) - A case study

Abstract

Background: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neuro developmental disorder of childhood characterised by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, leading to significant academic and social impairment. Conventional treatments in this condition is sparse, which have led to growing interest in integrative therapeutic approaches. Based on symptomatology, ADHD may be correlated with Unmada described in classical Ayurveda texts. The objective focuses on evaluating the effect Brahmi Ghrita on hyperactivity and inattention in the present case. Case details: An 8-year-old boy came to outpatient department with complaints of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity since early childhood was diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Ayurveda assessment indicated predominance of Vata and Pitta Dosha (bodily humors). The child was managed with Brahmi Ghrita for 60 days along with dietary restrictions and parental counselling. Follow-up assessments were conducted on the 15th, 30th, 45th, and 60th day. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using SWAN Rating Scale for ADHD before and after treatment. Results: At baseline, SWAN Rating Scale  score was sum of 10-18 is 8 and after treatment 6 and the child fulfilled 6 out of 9 criteria in both the inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity domains of DSM-5. After 60 days of treatment, marked improvement was observed in all previously present symptoms across both domains. Improvements were noted in attention span, impulse control, hyperactivity, and overall behaviour, with better academic and social functioning. No adverse effects were reported during the treatment period. Conclusion: This case report suggests that Ayurveda management with Brahmi Ghrita, along with dietary modification and parental counselling, may be beneficial in improving symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity in children with ADHD. The observed clinical improvement highlights the potential role of Medhya Rasayana formulations as a supportive and integrative approach in the holistic management of ADHD.