Experimental Tools and Techniques for Studying Microtubule Nucleation at the Centrosome and the Golgi Apparatus.

Dissection of centrosomal γ-TuRC activation pathways controlling microtubule density in interphase cells

Animal microtubule-organizing centers, including the centrosome and the Golgi apparatus, regulate microtubule nucleation and anchoring through the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) and CAMSAP-mediated minus-end stabilization. However, functional redundancy between these pathways has impeded dissection of their contributi...

Integrated Protocol for γTuRC Expression and Purification for Microtubule Nucleation and Cryo-EM Analysis.

Apical actin filament turnover mediated by cyclase-associated protein coordinates non-centrosomal microtubules in epithelium.

Epithelial cells rely on coordinated actin and microtubule cytoskeletons to maintain polarized architecture and function. Although non-centrosomal microtubules are essential for polarized trafficking and epithelial organization, how local actin turnover contributes to their organization in vivo remains poorly understoo...

Dynamic microtubule-end structure governs multivalent kinetochore coupling by the Dam1c ring

Accurate chromosome segregation relies on kinetochores maintaining load-bearing attachments to dynamic microtubule ends, a coupling in which the Dam1 complex ring is central. How the microtubule-end structure and ring–microtubule interactions collectively determine attachment stability and drive force transduction rema...

Dynamic microtubules drive yolk-cytoplasm segregation in the syncytial Drosophila embryo

Yolk-cytoplasm segregation is among the earliest spatial organization events in the developing embryo of many oviparous animals. The segregation process is intimately linked to early embryonic cleavage and pattern formation, and exhibits a wide range of spatial and temporal diversity. However, the underlying cytoskelet...

An internal scaffold supports microtubule architectural diversity in Xenopus spermatids

It is established that an organized microtubule network is present in Xenopus spermatids and shares key architectural and molecular hallmarks of the mammalian manchette, and a large structural heterogeneity of spermatid microtubules is uncovered, suggesting an internal reinforcement mechanism necessary for extensive nu...