Open Government Data-Based Smart Tourism Analytics: A Conceptual Governance Framework

Abstract

Digital transformation and Open Government Data (OGD) offer opportunities for more transparent, evidence-based, and sustainable tourism governance. However, prior smart tourism and OGD studies remain fragmented, often addressing data publication, analytics, governance, visualization, or sustainability evaluation separately. This study develops an initial conceptual framework for OGD-based Smart Tourism Analytics to support sustainable destination governance. The method combines a structured Scopus-only search, PRISMA-based screening, Biblioshiny mapping, systematic literature synthesis, and layered framework derivation. Of 68 Scopus records published during 2021–2026, 32 documents were selected, comprising 19 core studies and 13 contextual evidence sources. The analysis identifies persistent gaps in OGD integration, analytics readiness, governance control, stakeholder-oriented visualization, and outcome evaluation. The proposed framework includes five layers: OGD integration, smart analytics, decision support and visualization, sustainable destination governance, and tourism outcome evaluation. Pangandaran is used only as an illustrative application context, not as empirical validation. No prototype or live API integration was tested. Accordingly, the framework remains conceptual and requires prototype development, live API integration, and field validation with local governments.