Research on Key Technologies, Application Scenarios, and Development Challenges of 6G Communication

Abstract

The iterative evolution of mobile communication technology serves as a core driver of the digital economy's growth. With 5G having achieved large-scale global commercialization, research into 6G—aimed at meeting the demands of the "Internet of Intelligent Things" and ubiquitous connectivity—is now fully underway worldwide. This paper employs a literature review approach to synthesize domestic and international research findings on 6G, focusing on its key enabling technologies, typical application scenarios, and development bottlenecks. The study reveals that technologies including terahertz communication, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), and space-air-ground-sea integrated networking serve as the core pillars of 6G. 6G is poised for deep integration into scenarios like intelligent immersive communication and the Industrial Internet, while hardware development, algorithm optimization, and the unification of standards remain primary challenges. Future work needs to coordinate progress in core technological breakthroughs, standardization and engineering deployment to achieve high-performance and ubiquitous intelligent connectivity.