TEAM (Teacher Empowered Assessment Movement): A Teacher-Led Ecosystem Framework of Generative AI Agents for Adaptive Learning — An English-language technical report of Research Project No. 2025-1-09

Abstract

This is an English-language technical report of a study reported in full, in Korean, as Research Project No. 2025-1-09 under Korea's Educational Development Special Zone — Digital Education Innovation Project. It introduces no data, analysis, or claim absent from the Korean report. The study compared the centralized platform (CP) model, as instantiated in Korea's AI Digital Textbook programme, with a decentralized ecosystem (DE) model in which teachers design, build and operate their own generative AI agents. Work ran from June to November 2025 in four stages: theoretical grounding; a survey and focus group study of teacher perception and requirements; a teacher-led agent development programme; and the formulation of a CP–DE hybrid framework. Twenty-four teachers completed the first survey; 22 had used the AI Digital Textbook. They rated the difficulty of getting teacher feedback reflected in the platform as its most serious limitation (79.2%), while recognising access (45.8%) and curricular consistency (41.7%) as genuine strengths. Perceived necessity of a teacher-led alternative was M = 4.71 and intention to participate M = 4.67. Topic modelling of focus group transcripts (K = 5) returned topics dominated by the limits of centralized AI and by teachers' identification with a maker rather than user role. A 30-session capacity-building track was developed and run, and participating teachers designed and deployed working agents in their own classrooms. The study establishes what teachers report needing and demonstrates that teachers without programming backgrounds can build usable agents. It does not measure whether teacher-built agents improve assessment quality or learning outcomes, and it contains no operational record of how often teachers revised or rejected agent output. Funded by the Educational Development Special Zone — Digital Education Innovation Project, Ministry of Education and Daegu Metropolitan Office of Education, and the AI–Digital Convergence Education Innovation Platform, Kyungpook National University. Project No. 2025-1-09.