A framework to guide the integration of interprofessional education in the classroom and practice setting - underpinned by findings from a sequential mixed methods study.

Abstract

Health and social care systems face increasing demands for interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP) to meet complex patient needs. In response, global leaders advocate for interprofessional education (IPE) to prepare professionals for effective IPECP. An initial study conducted by the authors revealed skepticism among university educators about IPE approaches and their ability to translate into workplace practice. This prompted a follow-up study aimed at developing an evidence‑based framework to support educators in overcoming barriers to integrating meaningful IPE into curricula that bridge the theory-practice gap. A sequential mixed‑methods design, theoretically underpinned by social-innovation-informed experiential learning, enabled cumulative validity across three research strands, each published separately. Drawing on insights from both the initial and follow-up study, incorporating data from more than 220 participants, this article presents the emergent 4P Framework, which identifies four core considerations for effective IPE integration: Priority, Professional value, Professional commitment, and Person-centredness. The development of the framework is described and situated within the existing evidence base. To support practical application, the 4P Framework is mapped to an established transitions model, providing educators and leaders with a structured and theoretically aligned tool to guide IPE implementation and highlighting empirically informed areas for future research.