Relocation of compact sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$ by diffeomorphisms and linear separability of datasets in $\mathbb{R}^n$

Abstract

Relocation of compact sets in an $n$-dimensional manifold by self-diffeomorphism is of its own interest as well as significant potential applications to data classification in data science. This paper presents a theory for relocating a finite number of compact sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$ to be relocated to arbitrary target domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ by diffeomorphisms of $\mathbb{R}^n$. Furthermore, we prove that for any such collection, there exists a differentiable embedding into $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ such that their images become linearly separable. As applications of the established theory, we show that a finite number of compact datasets in $\mathbb{R}^n$ can be made linearly separable by width-$n$ deep neural networks (DNNs) with Leaky-ReLU, ELU, or SELU activation functions, under a mild condition. In addition, we show that any finite number of mutually disjoint compact datasets in $\mathbb{R}^n$ can be made linearly separable in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ by a width-$(n+1)$ DNN.