Comparative Analysis of Hybrid Approaches in Earned Value Management and Proposing an Extended Framework as an Integrated Future Model for Project Control

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze and synthesize recent hybrid approaches in earned value management (EVM) to develop an extended, integrated framework (EVM-X) capable of addressing the complexity and uncertainty of modern project environments. A qualitative, exploratory research design was adopted, relying exclusively on the systematic review and analysis of scientific literature. A purposive selection process identified 22 peer-reviewed articles published within the last decade, focusing on the integration of EVM with methods such as agile project management, critical chain management (CCM), lean construction, and building information modeling (BIM). Data were collected from international academic databases and evaluated for methodological rigor, relevance, and credibility. NVivo 14 software was used to conduct open, axial, and selective coding, allowing thematic synthesis and ensuring theoretical saturation. The resulting analysis informed the design of the EVM-X model by integrating cost and schedule performance with risk management, adaptability, governance, and digital visualization. The analysis revealed five dominant thematic categories: agile adaptability for dynamic environments, risk integration through critical chain and predictive analytics, waste reduction and continuous improvement from lean principles, transparency and data-driven visualization via BIM, and enhanced cost-time forecasting grounded in EVM standards. Combining these elements strengthens EVM’s predictive accuracy, improves early deviation detection, and aligns performance reporting with governance and ethical oversight. The EVM-X model was found to overcome the rigidity of traditional EVM and provide a flexible yet standardized approach for complex and high-risk projects. EVM-X offers a future-oriented, multidimensional project control model by unifying quantitative rigor with adaptability, risk awareness, and ethical governance, enabling improved decision-making and accountability.