Socio-demographic Characteristics Associated with Caregiver Burden in People with Severe Disabilities: A Cross-Sectional Study in Peru

Abstract

Background: The burden experienced by caregivers of people with severe disabilities is a multidimensional issue influenced by various sociodemographic factors. Identifying these factors is essential for developing interventions and public policies that support this vulnerable population. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the sociodemographic factors that influence caregiver burden in individuals caring for people with severe disabilities, including age, sex, education level, kinship, and caregiving challenges. Method: A non-experimental, cross-sectional, and explanatory study was conducted. The sample comprised 686 Peruvian caregivers of individuals with severe disabilities, selected through non-probabilistic sampling. Data were collected using the Caregiver Burden Scale and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: Significant differences in caregiver burden were found according to age, kinship, education level, caregiving duration, caregiving-related problems, and consultation with a health professional (all P < .001). Multiple regression analysis (adjusted R2 = .197, P < .001) showed that caregiving-related problems (β = .212), kinship, education level, age, and professional consultation were the main predictors of caregiver burden. Conclusion: The findings confirm that caregiver burden is influenced by multiple sociodemographic and contextual factors. These results highlight the need for targeted interventions and policies to reduce caregiver burden and improve their overall well-being.