Wolf‐Bird Optimization Algorithm and PROMETHEE‐Based Energy and Secure Cluster‐Routing Protocol for Green Communication in IoT

Abstract

Internet of things (IoT) facilitates large‐scale data exchange and pervasive connectivity between heterogeneous sensor nodes during its adoption in intelligent decision making and automation applications. Energy and secure cluster‐based routing protocols in IoT are essential for establishing green communication because they minimize energy consumption, prolong network lifetime, and improve data security by selecting potential cluster heads (CHs). These clustering‐based routing protocols implemented using meta‐heuristic swarm intelligent algorithms determine superior near‐optimal solutions, which help in achieving the necessitated degree of quality of service (QoS) in IoT networks. In this paper, Wolf‐Bird Optimization Algorithm–based Intelligent Clustering Mechanism (WBOAICM) is proposed for constructing optimal clusters, which minimize energy utilization to extend network lifetime. This WBOAICM scheme uses a fitness function formulated using delay, energy, distance, jitter, and packet forwarding potential to facilitate energy and trustful nodes to be selected as CHs in the clustering process. It uses the merits of Wolf‐Bird Optimization Algorithm (WBOA), which establishes a better balance between the exploration and exploitation phases such that superior CHs are selected in the network. It then uses Multipolar Fuzzy N‐Soft Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations model for determining sensor nodes' trust using direct and indirect interaction to prevent malevolent nodes from being selected as CHs. The simulation results of this proposed WBOAICM scheme under different rounds sustained 15.64%, a greater number of operating IoT nodes. The results confirmed minimized energy consumption of 21.72% and improved packet delivery rate of 19.54% under different base station locations and network area.