Research on construction of real-time condition monitoring and traceability system for carving crafts based on IoT edge node

Abstract

In this study, aiming at the digital protection needs of carving handicrafts, a real-time status monitoring and traceability system based on the edge nodes of the Internet of Things is constructed. The system integrates temperature and humidity sensors, three-axis accelerometers, RGB-D cameras, and RFID tag arrays to achieve high-frequency acquisition of environmental data 100 times per second. Through edge computing optimization, the total system delay is controlled within 100ms, the hardware energy efficiency ratio exceeds 95%, and the typical load power consumption is ≤ 5 W, which is 40% lower than that of traditional solutions. In terms of monitoring accuracy, the surface temperature monitoring deviation of handicraft is ≤ ± 1.8 ℃, the long-term humidity stability is ≤ ± 3%, and the deformation monitoring error is controlled at 0.1–0.4 mm. The experimental comparison shows that the relative humidity of the oak material control group fluctuates by 60%-90%, while that of the edge computing group only fluctuates by 15%-35%. The peak value of deformation error after dynamic calibration is only 0.28 mm, which is 33% lower than that of unprocessed data. The traceability module customizes and develops a lightweight consensus algorithm based on Hyperledger Fabric, which achieves transaction confirmation time ≤ 2 s, can process more than 1,000 traceability records per second, and has a query response rate of 99.9% under millions of data volumes. The spatio-temporal double verification mechanism ensures that data cannot be tampered with, while multi-layer encryption and access control provide system security. Practical application verification demonstrates that the yield rate of finished products increases by 12% and the efficiency of traceability queries is enhanced by 5 times in the protection of intangible cultural heritage processes, such as rosewood carving and jadeite carving, providing a replicable technical paradigm for the digital protection of intangible cultural heritage. Not applicable.