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Open access Jul 2026

An Ionically Crosslinked Hyperelastic Hydrogel With Extreme Environmental Tolerance and Self-Strengthening Capability.

Hyperelastic hydrogels have broad application prospects in coatings and flexible sensors. However, these flexible polymer networks often suffer from severe water loss and performance degradation under long-term use and extreme environmental conditions. Here, ionic interactions were used to fabricate a superelastic hydr...

Yuxuan He, Zhihong Yu, Xian Zhang et al. · 0 citations
Aug 2026

CaCl2-Enhanced Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogels with Stable Freeze Resistance and Sensing Durability Performance.

Hydrogels are attractive for flexible electronics and wearable sensors, yet their performance is severely limited at subzero temperatures due to ice crystallization, dehydration, and mechanical embrittlement. Here, we report a CaCl2-enhanced double-network (DN) hydrogel (BNP-x) that integrates excellent anti-freezing,...

Jizhe Feng, Yu-Meng Li, Xiaoai Yang et al. · 0 citations
Aug 2026

Cellulose Nanofibril-Reinforced Triple Physically Cross-Linked Double-Network Hydrogels

The introduction of reversible physical cross-linking constitutes a viable strategy for fabricating hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, efficient self-recovery, and shape-memory capability. In this study, tannic acid-functionalized cellulose nanofibrils (TA@CNF) served as the core functional filler and we...

Si-Yu Chen, Chengqian Gao, De-Zhong Yin · 0 citations
Aug 2026

Double-modified guar gum dual-network hydrogels with balanced mechanical and swelling properties.

Polysaccharide-based hydrogels suffer from an inherent trade-off between mechanical strength and swelling capacity, along with poor structural stability under complex conditions, which severely restricts their industrial scalability. Herein, a targeted dual-side-chain modification strategy (hydroxypropylation combined...

Wenhao Zhang, Lun Chen, Chao Tian et al. · 1 citation
Open access Jul 2026

Poly(itaconic Acid) Hydrogels with Dynamic Covalent and Supramolecular Cross-Links for High and Tunable Mechanical Properties

Aiming toward sustainability, poly(itaconic acid) has been considered as an alternative to the widely used fossil-based poly(acrylic acid). Its application has been, however, limited by its lower mechanical properties due to challenges in the polymerization processes. Herein, we report photopolymerizable and thermoreve...

H. Savolainen, Maximilian J. L. Hagemann, Mika Salmi et al. · 0 citations
Aug 2026

Enhanced Mechanical Properties of PVA-Based Multifunctional Conductive Hydrogel Sensors with Cyclodextrin Slide-Ring as a Crosslinker

Developing hydrogels that simultaneously combine high mechanical robustness, antifreezing capability, and stable conductivity remains a substantial challenge for flexible sensing materials. Herein, we report a multifunctional conductive rotaxane-crosslinked hydrogel constructed from a γ-cyclodextrin/poly(ethylene gly...

Jie Ren, Zi-Qiong Zhou, Wenjing Zhang et al. · 0 citations

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