The Sleeping Beauty problem is a problem of imperfect recall that has received considerable attention. One approach to resolving the Sleeping Beauty problem has been to allow Sleeping Beauty to make decisions based on her beliefs, and then characterize what it takes for her decisions to be"rational". In particular, she can be allowed to make monetary bets based on her beliefs, with the assumption that she wants to gain wealth rather than lose it. However, this approach is often coupled with the erroneous assumption that Sleeping Beauty should maximize the expected value of her bets. Here, we show that (1) Sleeping Beauty's ex ante optimal betting strategy and de se optimal betting strategy are identical, and (2) under an asymptotically optimal betting strategy Sleeping Beauty is invulnerable to diachronic Dutch Books as a Thirder but remains vulnerable as a Halfer.
People often 'miswant.' They buy goods that do not make them happy and refuse to buy goods that would make their lives better. In The Price of Happiness, Cass R. Sunstein focuses on people's 'willingness to pay,' which is the foundation for free markets. He argues that willingness to pay deserves respect, and high hono...
What can wellbeing data be used for? Can it help decide an individual on buying a cup of coffee versus mint tea, or buying one house rather than another? Can it help governments decide to buy artillery or frigates, set up vocational schooling or more academic schooling? If not, when is it useful? This
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P. Frijters· Journal of Wellbeing Economi...· 0 citations
This paper provides an axiomatic foundation for catastrophic thinking, a form of pessimism in which an agent evaluates uncertain alternatives by attending only to a subset of adverse outcomes. We introduce Catastrophic Attention Preferences (CAP), under which an act is evaluated by its subjective expected utility condi...
Abstract It is natural to express some beliefs in binary terms (P is either believed or not, e.g., “bribery is immoral”), and others in terms of a subjective probability (P has some probability of being true, e.g., “there's an 80% chance a Democrat will win the next election”). Construing a belief in probabilistic term...
In ‘Individualist Theories and Interpersonal Aggregation’, Erik Zhang attempts to reconcile partial aggregation with the individualist restriction: the aggregate value we forgo to satisfy a claim enters moral deliberation indirectly as a criterion for equal consideration. We argue that Zhang’s understanding of forgon...
Jonas Harney, Leonard Henckel· Utilitas· 0 citations
Beautocracy, the rule of beauty standards, is an open challenge to every individual to meet them. If he is not the master of it, then he should be subservient to it. Emotions are conscious mental responses to desired situations or events. A person can become emotionally attached to things, people, or even abstract idea...
Amjad Sohail· Pakistan Journal of Positive...· 0 citations
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