Evaluation of Serum C-peptide levels, Insulin Resistance and Lipid profile in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital-Based Study from Uttarakhand

Abstract

Background: Obesity and insulin resistance play a central role in the onset and progression of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Serum C-peptide, which serves as a marker of endogenous insulin secretion, has been recognized as a valuable indicator of β-cell function and metabolic condition. Increasing evidence suggests that elevated C-peptide levels may be associated with insulin resistance and metabolic abnormalities. The present study was conducted to assess the Serum C-peptide levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile in obese patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A total of 75 obese patients with type 2 diabetes Mellitus and 50 obese healthy controls were enrolled in this study. C-peptide showed a statistically significant positive correlation with HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, body mass index and waist circumference, while HDL-Cholesterol showed a significant negative correlation. The study demonstrated a significant association between serum C-peptide levels and insulin resistance among obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Serum C-peptide levels, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels were significantly higher in obese diabetic patients compare to heathy controls. HDL cholesterol levels were low in obese diabetic patients compare to healthy controls. Elevated serum C-peptide levels may reflect compensatory endogenous insulin secretion secondary to insulin resistance. Estimation of serum C-peptide may therefore serve as a useful biochemical marker for assessing metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance in obese diabetic patients.