All-Bottom Tetraquark Systems at the High-Luminosity LHC

Abstract

We present a comprehensive high-energy overview of all-heavy tetraquark production at the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider, combining recent advances in heavy-exotic spectroscopy with state-of-the-art fragmentation-based phenomenology. Our study builds upon the newly released TQ4Q2.0 fragmentation framework, which provides a complete leading-power description of fully heavy S-wave tetraquarks with scalar (0++), axial-vector (1+−), and tensor (2++) quantum numbers. The formalism incorporates all active gluon- and heavy-quark-induced production channels within nonrelativistic QCD factorization and implements threshold-aware DGLAP evolution through the HF-NRevo scheme. Particular attention is devoted to the all-bottom sector, whose larger mass scale offers a distinctive laboratory for exploring multiquark formation mechanisms and testing the universality of fragmentation dynamics across heavy-flavor systems. We review the theoretical foundations of the TQ4Q program and discuss the uncertainty budget associated with color-composite long-distance matrix elements and perturbative multiscale variations. Building on this framework, we present precision predictions for bottom tetraquark production in association with jets at HL-LHC energies, obtained within the (sym)JETHAD environment at NLL/NLO+ accuracy. The resulting phenomenology highlights the discovery potential of future high-luminosity measurements and illustrates the impact of modern resummation techniques on rare-hadron observables. This work establishes the TQ4Q2.0 framework as a reliable phenomenological benchmark for collider studies of all-heavy tetraquarks and provides a unified roadmap for future investigations of multiquark dynamics at present and forthcoming hadron facilities.