Implementation of Internet of Things Devices in Website-Based Smart Homes

Abstract

The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has accelerated the implementation of smart home systems, enabling household devices to be monitored and controlled remotely. This study focuses on developing a web-based smart home system using web technology, integrating Django, Supabase (PostgreSQL), Raspberry Pi, and Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. The proposed system is implemented with a database-driven control approach where user commands are stored in the Supabase (PostgreSQL) cloud database and executed by Raspberry Pi via MQTT, while sensor data are synchronized and displayed on the web dashboard. The system also stores the historical activity of the devices, which is then analyzed in Google Colab to estimate the energy consumption. The results of the implementation show that the proposed system works successfully according to the designed architecture. Sensor data are monitored in real-time, actuators respond correctly to commands from users, and historical data are stored consistently for later analysis. The combination of Django, Supabase, Raspberry Pi, and MQTT shows that it is possible to have a unified, web-based smart home platform that provides real-time monitoring, remote control of devices, historical data management, and energy consumption analysis.