This study was undertaken to estimate the financial profitability and to assess the factors affecting adoption of soybean production in Noakhali and Lakshmipur districts of Bangladesh. To collect primary data, a structured interview schedule was used to interview 90 farmers using stratified random sampling technique. A combination of descriptive, mathematical and statistical techniques were employed to analyze the data. According to the findings, 47 percent of farmers were small in farm size category. Financial profitability analysis shows that soybean production was profitable with benefit cost ratio (1.43). The logit regression model demonstrated that farmers’ education, farm size, farm income, extension contact, crop diversification practiced, and distance to market had a significant effect on farmers' decision to pursue soybean cultivation.The research findings also indicated that higher price of seed and fertilizer, low price of output and lack of transportation facilities were the major problems for input, production and marketing of soybean, respectively. Among all the problems, high price of seed and fertilizer had the highest problem confrontation index value (255) as first rank. The study recommended for ensuring affordable price of seed and fertilizers along with better infrastructure and transportation facilities to overcome the problems. Furthermore, government needs to implement subsidy scheme and assistance should be provided from the personnel of Department of Agricultural Extension to enhance soybean production in Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 48(3): 293-305, September 2023
This study examines the farm-level profitability of maize production and identifies the key determinants of gross revenue among maize producers in Northern Bangladesh. Using primary data collected from 100 farmers through a multistage sampling technique during the 2024–2025 production season, the analysis integrates descriptive statistics, cost–return analysis, and a Cobb–Douglas production function estimated by the ordinary least squares (OLS) method. The results indicate that maize cultivation is economically viable, with an average profit of Tk. 14,462.6 per bigha, reflecting strong income potential for smallholder farmers. The regression findings represent that hired labor, machinery, seed, and pesticide costs exert statistically significant positive effects on gross revenue, highlighting the importance of modern inputs and efficient farm management practices. In contrast, plowing cost shows a negative association with revenue, suggesting inefficiencies in land preparation, while irrigation, fertilizer, and harvest–transport costs are found to be statistically insignificant, possibly due to uniform usage patterns or suboptimal application. The model demonstrates strong explanatory power, accounting for a substantial proportion of variation in farm revenue. Despite profitability, farmers face several constraints, including limited access to credit, inadequate extension services, and high input costs, which hinder optimal resource utilization. Therefore, this study recommends strengthening institutional support, improving access to quality inputs and affordable credit, and enhancing extension services to promote sustainable and efficient maize production in Bangladesh.
M. Banu, Md. Shamsul Alam, Md Asduzzaman Kiron et al.· Varendra International Journ...· 0 citations
This study examined the impact of production loans on the productivity of corn farmers in Sarangani Province, Philippines. It specifically investigated the socio-economic characteristics of farmers, the reasons for availing production loans, the factors influencing corn productivity, the effect of production loans on yield, and the profitability of corn production. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, and data were collected from 315 farmer respondents using structured questionnaires. Frequency and percentage analyses were used to describe socio-economic profiles, while ranking and thematic analysis identified the primary reasons for loan utilization. Factors affecting productivity were analyzed using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression and Generalized Linear Models (GLM), while the impact of production loans was explored using an impact pathway approach. Cost and return analysis determined the economic viability of corn farming.
Penie Louie C. Panuncillo, Keno Jay M. Balogbog· International journal of res...· 0 citations
Papaya is one of the leading horticultural commodities in Indonesia, with California papaya and Thailand papaya being the two most widely cultivated and marketed varieties. This study aimed to analyze and compare the factors affecting farmers' income from California papaya and Thailand papaya farming in Mumbulsari District, Jember Regency. The research employed a quantitative approach using a survey method. Data were collected from 140 respondents consisting of 70 California papaya farmers and 70 Thailand papaya farmers selected through simple random sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing farmers' income. The independent variables analyzed included production, selling price, seedlings, farming costs, education, and harvested area. The results showed that for California papaya farming, production, selling price, seedlings, and education had positive effects on income, whereas farming costs and harvested area had negative effects. However, none of these variables had a significant partial effect on income. The coefficient of determination (R²) indicated that only 20.7% of income variation could be explained by the variables included in the model. In contrast, for Thailand papaya farming, selling price and education positively affected income, while seedlings, farming costs, and harvested area had negative effects. Production, selling price, farming costs, and education significantly influenced income, with an R² value of 99.2%, indicating that nearly all income variation was explained by the variables analyzed. Simultaneously, all independent variables significantly affected farmers' income in both farming systems. The study concludes that the determinants of income differ between California and Thailand papaya farming, with Thailand papaya income being more strongly influenced by the analyzed variables than California papaya income.
Sarifatun Nabila, Ari Septianingtyas Purwandhini, Qory Zuniana et al.· Buletin Ilmiah IMPAS· 0 citations
This study aims to assess the level of income diversification among Yobe State small-scale farmers. Primary data was collected through a face-to-face survey-based approach through a multistage sampling technique, where 384 small-scale farmers were interviewed. The data were analyzed using statistical package for social science software (SPSS) version 26 for the descriptive analysis of the frequency distribution table, regression analysis and the Simpson Index of Diversification (SID) to test the study's aims and objectives. The results revealed that the respondents engaged in both On-farm and Non-farm livelihood diversification strategies. The overall SID of Non-farm diversification indicated that the respondents had a medium diversification index of 0.55, this primarily driven by participation in wage employment outside agriculture and self-employment. The on-farm diversification index was 0.30, indicating lower diversification than the Non-farm. This lower index is determined mainly by both food crops and cash crops. The study further revealed that small-scale farmers income diversification is influenced by the predictor factors of the farming operation system, average annual income in naira, age, farmland ownership, marital status, farm size, educational level, household size, and farming experience. The study concluded that the lower diversification index of On-farm could be due to the unpredictable risks associated with farming, making it less viable and turning farmers to off-farm activities as a means of coping strategies. And the Non-farm has a medium diversification index. This shows how important Non-farm is in stabilizing small-scale farmers' income and livelihood and signifies the potential risk facing the agricultural productivity in the study area.
Abdurahaman Baba Saje, I. M. Waziri· International Journal of Sci...· 0 citations
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is an important and profitable crop in Pakistan due to its nutritional value, adaptability, and growing market demand. Despite this potential, limited economic assessments exist for Punjab. This study evaluates the economics of sweet potato cultivation in Sheikhupura District using primary data collected from 139 respondents through a field survey. Economic analysis was utilized to interpret the factors influencing production and profitability. The objectives were to estimate the cost of production, assess profitability, and identify measures to improve sweet potato production. Results show that farmers had an average of nine years of education and 22 years of farming experience, with 58.1% engaged full-time in agriculture. The average farm size was 5.32 acres, while the mean sweet potato area was 1.87 acres. Canal irrigation was the dominant water source (71%), and most farmers depended on rented tractors (71%). The total cost of cultivation was Rs. 442,851 per acre. Average output was 101.58 bags per acre (55 kg each), generating a gross income of Rs. 315,881. Net income amounted to Rs. 212,996 with land rent and Rs. 251,329 without land rent, confirming that sweet potato production is economically viable and profitable. Major constraints included high input and machinery costs, price fluctuations, and collusion among commission agents. The study recommends improving access to affordable inputs, strengthening farmers’ knowledge of modern production practices, and enhancing government-led price monitoring to support sustainable sweet potato production in Punjab.
Hafeeza Noor, A. Adeel, Ather Mehmood et al.· Journal of Agribusiness and...· 0 citations
The study examined the determinants of level of commercialization among horticultural crops (okra and maize) farmers in Southeast Nigeria. It specifically estimated the profitability of the two enterprises; and established the determinants of level of commercialization of the enterprises. Multistage and random sampling techniques were used to select 300 farmers, however 240 (120 maize and 120 okra) farmers with properly completed copies of the questionnaire were used in data collation. Primary data were collected by means of structured questionnaire, which were administered to the farmers by personal interview. The collected data were analyzed using budgetary method and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression analysis. The result of enterprise budgeting indicated net return on investment values of 0.55 for maize and 0.73 for okra farmers. This implied that the two enterprises were profitable, however the okro enterprise was more profitable than the maize enterprise having returned 73kobo against the 55 kobo returned by the maize enterprise per Naira (100kobo) investment. The significant determinants of level of commercialization among the maize farmers were marital status, education, years of experience and union membership while those for okra farmers were quantity produced, gender, age, marital status and years of experience. Government in collaboration with private initiatives should ensure the provision of soft loans to the farmers to enable them operate at minimal cost and earn more profit.
U. A, Azubugwu, N. M· International journal of res...· 0 citations