Abstract Brazil is the world's third-largest corn producer, which is considered a demanding crop in terms of soil fertility. Phosphorus is known to be an essential element for crop development, and in most arable areas, this element is found in a form that is poorly available to the plant. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, and B. aryabhattai) on the availability of this nutrient, combined with phosphate fertilizer doses, on early corn development. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, consisting of six treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of treatment with or without the bacteria and three phosphorus doses (0, 50, and 100% of the P dose). The evaluations performed included stem diameter, root length, shoot and root dry matter, chlorophyll index, and shoot phosphorus content. Data were analyzed by ANOVA (F-test). Means for inoculation treatments were compared using Tukey’s test, while phosphorus rates were evaluated by linear regression. Inoculation with Bacillus spp. significantly increased final plant height, root length, and dry matter accumulation, while chlorophyll index, stem diameter, and shoot phosphorus content did not differ significantly from the inoculant. Increasing phosphorus doses significantly increased plant height, root length, dry matter, and shoot phosphorus content, but did not significantly influence chlorophyll index or stem diameter. The interaction between inoculant use and phosphorus doses was not significant for any of the variables evaluated. These results indicate that inoculation with Bacillus spp. can promote vegetative development at later stages, while phosphorus is crucial from the early stages of the crop.
Abstract Soybean has significant importance in the global agricultural sector. However, yield is often compromised by the low availability of phosphorus in the soil. The inoculation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria has shown promise in increasing the absorption of this nutrient. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus licheniformis as a phosphorus solubilizer, as well as to investigate its impact on soybean crop development. The experimental design was a randomized block design arranged in a 4x2 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments consisted of four phosphate fertilization rates (0, 40, 60, and 80 kg ha−1 P2O5, applied as single superphosphate and equivalent to 0, 50%, 75%, and 100% the recommended rate) associated or not with inoculation with Bacillus licheniformis. Morphological variables (plant height, root length, stem diameter, and branch number) and yield components (pods per plant, seeds per plant, seeds per pod, thousand grain weight, and grain yield) were determined. There were no significant effects of biological inoculation or phosphorus rate on morphological characteristics or some yield components, attributed to the high content of available phosphorus in the experimental soil (39.3 mg dm−3). On the other hand, inoculation with B. licheniformis significantly increased thousand grain weight and grain yield, even under high phosphorus availability. Regression analysis indicated that both variables had a positive linear response to phosphorus rate. These results reinforce the agronomic potential of B. licheniformis as a complementary technology to phosphate fertilization, contributing to the sustainability of soybean production.
G. Fumagalli, T. R. B. Silva, A. Nolla et al.· Brazilian Journal of Biology· 0 citations
Evaluating biological strategies for reducing fertilizer use in grain sorghum through the application of Trichoderma harzianum combined with varying rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers found higher dry grain mass was attributed to higher photosynthetic activity, greater plant height and stem diameter, and increased fresh stem and leaf mass.
de Oliveira Cíntia da Silva, Rikelme Matheus dos Santos Relvas, Rithielly Machado Rodrigues de Araújo et al.· Frontiers in Agronomy· 0 citations
Marginal soils are characterized by low nutrient availability, which adversely affects crop productivity. The incorporation of organic materials and cultivation techniques plays an important role in maintaining soil health and crop yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of photosynthetic bacterial fertilizers and the push-pull system cultivation technique. The research was conducted in Banjaran Village, Purbalingga Regency, utilizing a completely randomized block design. Treatments tested included S0 (control), S1 (50 mL/2L), and S2 (100 mL/2L), as well as P0 (control), P1 (lemongrass), and P2 (peanuts). Each treatment was replicated three times and analyzed using ANOVA, with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (α=5%) applied for significant differences. The observed variables included fresh plant weight, leaf area, fresh root weight, age of male flowers, and chlorophyll a levels. The results indicate that the application of photosynthetic bacteria significantly affects the fresh weight of the plants and the age of male flowers. However, there is no significant effect on leaf area, fresh root weight, and chlorophyll a levels. The push-pull system cultivation technique significantly affects chlorophyll a levels, although no significant differences were found in fresh plant weight, leaf area, fresh root weight, and age of male flowers.
Victor Bintang Panunggul, Niken Hapsari Arimurti Susanto, Ayu Sitanini et al.· Agro Wiralodra· 0 citations
Maize is one of the most important agricultural crops globally and in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where cereals are cultivated on 204,368 ha, of which 57% (116,490 ha) is dedicated to maize production. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), such as the genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus, represents a sustainable alternative to mineral fertilizers, particularly in phosphorus-deficient soils commonly found in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A field experiment with ten fertilization treatments, arranged in a randomized block design with three replications, was conducted to evaluate the effects of seed inoculation, organic fertilization, and mineral fertilization on silage maize production. Grain yield, ear characteristics, and nutrient concentrations in maize leaves and grain were determined using standard analytical methods. The highest grain yield (15.2 t ha⁻¹) was achieved with the combined application of organic fertilization (30 t ha⁻¹) and bacterial inoculation, with a statistically significant difference compared to the control treatment. The applied fertilization treatments improved nutrient uptake and increased the content of protein, nitrogen, phosphorus, and magnesium in the grain, while zinc concentration generally decreased, indicating an antagonistic relationship between phosphorus and zinc. The obtained results confirm the potential of combining rhizobacterial inoculation and organic fertilization to enhance maize productivity and improve plant nutrient status.
E. Sijahović, H. Čivić, D. Gadžo et al.· Works of the Faculty of Agri...· 0 citations
A field experiment was conducted using a randomized block design with three replications. The treatments included rock phosphate alone, rock phosphate combined with single superphosphate, phosphor bacteria, phospho bacteria-inoculated enriched compost, biochar, and a control without phosphorus application. Among the treatments, the application of rock phosphate and biochar in a 75:25 ratio, incubated for 30 days prior to sowing, recorded significantly superior growth parameters, including leaf area index. The rapidly increasing cost of soluble phosphate fertilizers has renewed interest in identifying less expensive and sustainable alternatives to chemical phosphorus (P) fertilizers for enhancing soil fertility and improving phosphorus use efficiency. Several studies have demonstrated that the application of rock phosphate enhances the immediate availability of phosphorus and increases its dissolution rate after incorporation into the soil. Biochar is widely regarded as a low-cost and eco-friendly soil amendment with proven positive effects on soil quality and crop productivity. The results of the experiments showed that pooled analysis indicated that the application of rock phosphate + biochar (75:25) incubated for 30 days before sowing significantly enhanced leaf area, leaf area index, and specific leaf area, performing on par with rock phosphate + enriched compost (50:50). The control recorded the lowest values for the above parameters. Specific leaf weight was highest in the control. Growth analysis revealed that the highest CGR, RGR, and NAR were recorded in the rock phosphate + biochar (75:25) incubated for 30 days before sowing when compared to all other treatments. The highest groundnut yield was recorded in the treatment of rock phosphate + biochar (75:25) incubated for 30 days before sowing compared to the other treatments.
K. Venkatalakshmi, C. Rajababu, D. Janaki· Ecology, environment & conse...· 0 citations
The present study was conducted at the Instructional Farm of Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur, during the kharif seasons of 2024 and 2025 to evaluate the effects of phosphorus-solubilising microorganisms (PSMs) and inorganic phosphorus sources on plant dry matter and yield attributes of maize. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design comprising 12 treatment combinations with three replications. The recorded attributes included plant dry matter, number of cobs per plant, number of grains per cob and seed index. The combined application of PSMs and inorganic phosphorus sources significantly increased plant dry matter, the number of grains per cob and the seed index compared with the control, whereas the number of cobs per plant was not significantly affected. Enhanced phosphorus availability through microbial inoculants, together with an adequate supply of inorganic phosphorus, promoted root development, nutrient uptake and photosynthetic activity, resulting in improved reproductive growth and grain formation. The highest values for plant dry matter and the significant yield attributes were recorded under the integrated application of PSMs with the recommended dose of phosphorus fertiliser. The findings indicate that integrating phosphorus-solubilising microorganisms with inorganic phosphorus sources can support maize productivity under the conditions of the study. This integrated approach may improve phosphorus availability and the efficiency of phosphorus nutrition while maintaining the measured yield attributes.
J. Choudhary, D. Singh, K. K. Yadav et al.· Archives of Current Research...· 0 citations
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