Ovarian Cancer Mortality Trend in Montenegro, 1990-2018.

Ovarian Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Survival in Manizales, Colombia, 2013–2020

Evolving dynamics of ovarian cancer in midlife women: A three-decade age-period-cohort study.

BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer, being the most lethal female-specific cancers, presents a significant health threat to midlife women undergoing the menopause and perimenopause transition. This study aims to investigate the patterns and trends of ovarian cancer among this population from 1990 to 2021. METHODS Using 1990-2021 data, we calculated age-standardized rates (ASRs) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for ovarian cancer among midlife women, including those aged 40-59 years (encompassing the perimenopausal transition) and those aged 45-54 years (the typical menopausal age range). Temporal trends in incidence, mortality, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed using joinpoint regression to identify significant inflection points, age-period-cohort modeling to estimate independent effects of age, period, and birth cohort, and Bayesian age-period-cohort projections to forecast disease burden up to 2035. RESULTS From 1990 to 2021, new ovarian cancer cases among women aged 45-54 years increased by 92.6% and among those aged 40-59 years by 90.4%, while ASRs declined (incidence EAPC: -0.46 and -0.42, respectively). An inverted U-shaped relationship between socio-demographic index (SDI) and burden was observed: ASRs decreased in high-SDI regions but increased in low-middle SDI areas. The 55-59-year age group consistently carried the highest burden, accounting for approximately 35% of incident cases and 40% of deaths among midlife women. Cohort effects showed a progressive decline in risk for women born after 1956. Bayesian projections predict continued global increases in new cases, deaths, and DALYs from 2022 to 2035, with rising ASRs for incidence and prevalence. CONCLUSION This pioneering analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 data reveals persistent socioeconomic disparities, distinct age-specific patterns (peak burden at 55-59 years), and ongoing epidemiological transitions in ovarian cancer among midlife women. Based on our findings, potential public health priorities could include sustaining recent progress in high-SDI regions to maintain declining trends and enhancing diagnostic capacity and risk-factor management in low-middle SDI settings to counter rising burden. These population-level patterns might further research and health policy planning tailored to regional sociodemographic contexts.

Trends in breast cancer incidence in Ethiopia, 2012–2022: a population-based study from a resource-limited setting

Trends in breast cancer incidence in Ethiopia are analyzed and segmented analysis indicates non-significant over all trends with observed temporal fluctuations identified in segmented analyses, with a joinpoint detected in 2016 for females and 2020 for males.

Burden of Gastric Cancer in China from 1990 to 2023

Objectives To comprehensively assess the gastric cancer burden in China over the past three decades and analyze its epidemiological trends to inform control strategies. Study design This was a population-based observational study that systematically evaluated the burden of gastric cancer in China from 1990 to 2023, utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 study. Methods We evaluated gastric cancer burden metrics from GBD 2023, including incidence, mortality, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs. Joinpoint regression and age-period-cohort modeling were employed to analyze trends and epidemiological characteristics. Results Between 1990 and 2023, the age-standardized incidence rate decreased from 54.23 to 25.04 per 100,000 , and mortality decreased from 50.93 to 16.62 per 100,000. Joinpoint analysis showed an average annual percentage change of -2.8% in incidence, with a significant trend reversal in females during 2020-2023. Age-period-cohort analysis revealed peak risk at 65-69 years and lower risk in recent birth cohorts. Conclusions While China has achieved substantial reductions in gastric cancer burden over 34 years, emerging challenges include trend reversals in females and persistent sex disparities, necessitating targeted prevention strategies.

Deviation Between Incidence Rates of Screenable Cancers and the Proportion of Late-Stage Disease.

INTRODUCTION Screening for cancer decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to fewer cancer cases and less than expected early-stage diagnoses. Due to this decrease, the subsequent literature suggested a tidal wave of increased incidence and a larger proportion of late-stage disease. METHODS The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was used to identify screenable cancer cases from lung, female breast, and colorectal cancer from 2010 to 2023. These were standardized to calculate annual incidence rates per 100,000. A linear regression model of 2010-2022 incidence rates was used to calculate predicted incidence compared with observed incidence in 2023 (most recent NCDB data). Late-stage disease proportions (III/IV versus I/II) were also compared. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using alternative modeling periods and restricting to stable facility participation in NCDB. RESULTS A total of 2,235,175 lung, 3,090,471 breast, and 1,448,861 colorectal cancer patients were analyzed. In 2023, the observed incidence was lower for lung 63.282 versus 68.914 (95% predictive interval 62.677-75.151), breast 174.055 versus 193.417 (95% PI 178.613-208.221), and colorectal 43.348 versus 45.517 (95% PI 41.266-49.769), although only breast was significantly lower. Observed and predicted late-stage disease proportions were similar for all three screenable cancers: lung: 56.0% versus 59.0%, breast: 11.6% versus 11.6%, and colorectal: 55.6% versus 56.8%. Findings were similar in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Despite the broadly accepted expectation that the incidence of screenable cancers would increase after the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the rates decreased, particularly for breast cancer. Furthermore, the expectation that late-stage cancers would rise significantly was not observed.

[Trends in oral cancer mortality in China from 2004 to 2021].