Estimated Excess Mortality from Breast Cancer Among Women in Southeastern Iran, 2014 - 2020

Trends in breast cancer incidence in Ethiopia, 2012–2022: a population-based study from a resource-limited setting

Trends in breast cancer incidence in Ethiopia are analyzed and segmented analysis indicates non-significant over all trends with observed temporal fluctuations identified in segmented analyses, with a joinpoint detected in 2016 for females and 2020 for males.

Relative Survival and Trends in Patients with Prostate and Breast Cancers in Isfahan County, Iran, 2014–2021: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Using Join Point Regression

The study findings indicate that the observed changes in relative survival at older ages in breast and prostate cancers are likely due to the interaction of biological, clinical, and methodological factors.

Survival and Mortality Predictors in Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort of 10 556 Brazilian Patients

ABSTRACT Background Prostate cancer (PCa) remains one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies worldwide and represents a major contributor to premature mortality among men. This study aimed to estimate survival and investigate factors associated with PCa‐specific mortality among men treated within the oncology care network of a Brazilian state. Material and Methods Retrospective cohort study was conducted using data obtained from hospital‐based cancer registries linked to the state Mortality Information System. The cohort included 10 556 men diagnosed with PCa between 2000 and 2016, with follow‐up through 2021. Outcomes were categorized as death from PCa, death from other causes, or alive at the end of follow‐up. Associations with PCa‐specific mortality were examined using cause‐specific Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results At the end of 2021, 6388 patients were alive, 1936 had died from PCa and 2232 deaths from other causes. The 5‐year PCa‐specific survival was 87.7%. In the multivariable analysis, increasing age at diagnosis (per 10‐year increment) was associated with a higher cause‐specific hazard of PCa mortality (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.06–1.22). Lower educational level was also associated with increased mortality, while patients with basic education (HR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.71–0.95) and middle or high education (HR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.52–0.80) showed a lower risk of death compared to those with no formal education. Referral from non‐SUS services was associated with a slightly higher risk of PCa mortality (HR = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.00–1.30). Regarding treatment variables, surgery was associated with a lower cause‐specific hazard of mortality (HR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.33–0.52), whereas hormone therapy was associated with an increased cause‐specific hazard of death (HR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.75–2.24). Conclusions Age, educational level, presence of distant metastasis, referral source, and treatment modalities were associated with PCa‐specific mortality. However, treatment‐related associations should be interpreted with caution, as they likely reflect underlying disease severity and treatment selection patterns rather than causal effects. These findings highlight the importance of early diagnosis, reducing social inequalities in access to care, and strengthening oncology care networks to improve outcomes in patients with PCa.

Cancer Patients Mortality From Other Causes: A European Population‐Based Study

ABSTRACT Introduction Cancer patients may face elevated mortality not only from their malignancy but also from other factors including multi‐morbidity and the impact of treatment‐related complications. This study analyses mortality from all causes other than the index cancer among cancer patients compared to the general population. Methods We analysed EUROCARE‐6 data on 1,894,057 cancers diagnosed in 13 European countries and collected by 17 cancer registries with complete official cause‐of‐death information. Included were first‐primary head and neck (H&N), stomach, colorectal, lung, breast, cervical, endometrial, ovarian, prostatic, kidney, and bladder cancers diagnosed between 1998 and 2013 in patients aged 15–79, with follow‐up until 31st December 2014. We estimated the relative risk (RR) of death from all other causes for patients relative to population mortality rates. Cause‐specific survival (CSS) was compared to relative survival (RS) at 5 and 10 years. Results RR were > 2 for H&N and female lung cancers, between 1 and 2 for stomach, male lung, cervix, endometrial, ovary, kidney and bladder, and < 1 for prostate and female breast cancers. Relative risk declined with increasing age for almost all cancer types. Ten‐year CSS exceeded RS by 7%–11% points (pp) in H&N cancers, with smaller differences in bladder (2–6 pp), stomach, lung, cervix, ovary and kidney (2–3 pp). CSS was lower than RS in breast and prostate cancers. Conclusion Differentiation between deaths due to the index cancer and to all other causes is crucial for patient follow‐up and to improve quality of life. Cause‐of‐death data should be a core component of population‐based cancer registries to inform interpretation of survivorship data.

Epidemiological and spatial analysis of breast cancer mortality and survival among women in San Luis Potosi, Mexico 2009-2019.

This study investigated variations in breast cancer mortality among women in San Luis Potosí, Mexico using an epidemiologicalspatial approach covering the period 2009-2019. Additionally, global and specific survival and its associations with clinical stage, age at diagnosis, marginalization index, recurrence and arsenic concentration in water were evaluated. We conducted a retrospective ecological, study involving1, 626 confirmed breast cancer cases and 264 related deaths registered at a public hospital. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank tests. Spatial distribution patterns of municipal average mortality were assessed using Moran's I and visualized in ArcMap 10.1. At the state-level the mean age at diagnosis among deceased patients was 53.49 years, with 84% presenting at advanced stages (IIB-IV). A progressively increased mortality, particularly in Health Jurisdiction IV and the municipality of Cerro de San Pedro, was observed, with peaks in 2016. The 5-year global survival rate was 83.78%. Factors significantly associated with reduced survival included advanced stage, older age, higher marginalization index and recurrence. Although arsenic exposure was not statistically significant, patients exposed to levels exceeding 0.025 mg/L exhibited longer survival times. The integration of spatial epidemiology with survival analysis underscored critical geographic and sociodemographic disparities and offer valuable insights for targeted healthcare planning and resource allocation, particularly in high-priority regions.

Ovarian Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Survival in Manizales, Colombia, 2013–2020