DESEMPENHO E EFICIÊNCIA NA ENGENHARIA DE PRODUÇÃO: EVIDÊNCIAS COMPARATIVAS ENTRE DIFERENTES MODALIDADES DE ENSINO

Abstract

: The Brazilian Higher Education landscape has been marked by the expansion of Distance Learning (EAD), sparking debates on maintaining quality in light of new guidelines, such as Decree No. 12.456/2025. This study analyzes the comparative technical efficiency between Production Engineering courses in both on-campus and EAD modalities in the state of Minas Gerais. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) technique was used, employing the output-oriented BCC model with a sample of 68 courses. Data were extracted from INEP's 2023 Higher Education Quality Indicators microdata. The results revealed an average efficiency index of 0.73, with 16 institutions reaching the maximum efficiency frontier in both modalities. It was concluded that institutional effectiveness is independent of the teaching modality, although the on-campus format shows greater heterogeneity in performance. The study reinforces the importance of resource optimization for meeting the goals of SDG 4 of the 2030 Agenda.