Blockchain-Enabled Decentralized Intelligence for Transparent and Secure Supply Chain Ecosystems

Abstract

Supply chains are riddled with issues such as insufficient transparency, centralization weaknesses, and susceptibility to fraud, all of which restrict efficiency, sustainability, and stakeholder trust. Traditional ERP systems are limited in real time integration and face cybersecurity issues meaning they cannot keep up with the speed of the forwardfacing business environment. This study proposes a blockchain integrated ERP framework that exploits Ethereum blockchain, Smart Contracts, and Distributed Ledger (DL) tech to provide solutions to the weaknesses in supply chains. Using a publicly available Kaggle dataset with supply chain events in regards procurement, inventory, shipments and sales, each event mapped correctly into a blockchain transaction. Data preprocessing included the cleaning, integration, and aggregation to allow for validation over blockchain. Framework was then implemented and tested using Python to measure various performance metrics (Transaction Traceability Index, Data Tampering Detection Rate, Smart Contract Execution Success Rate, and latency to access real-time data). The results achieved 97% traceability, 96.7% fraud detection, and 99.2% smart contract reliability suggesting considerable improvements to transparency, security, and operational efficiency.