Association of the Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet Score with Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury and Mortality in Patients Underwent Coronary Angiography: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Purpose Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a frequent complication in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG), which can cause deterioration of renal function and adverse clinical outcomes. This study aimed to explore the relationships between the hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and CA-AKI risk, as well as all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing CAG. Patients and Methods This retrospective observational study enrolled patients undergoing CAG, including those receiving concomitant percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and stratified them according to the quartiles of the HALP score. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between HALP score and CA-AKI, and the Cox regression model was adopted to evaluate the relationship between HALP score and mortality. Results This study included 42554 patients undergoing CAG. Among these, 5130 patients (12.1%) experienced CA-AKI. HALP score showed a significant inverse association with CA-AKI, with lower HALP score linked to higher CA-AKI risk. After adjusting for all the potential confounding variables, participants in the highest quartile of HALP score had the lowest risk of CA-AKI (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73–0.90, p < 0.001). In Cox regression models, patients undergoing CAG with the highest HALP score exhibited the lowest risks of all-cause mortality (HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.60–0.70, p < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality. (HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.58–0.73, p < 0.001). Conclusion The HALP score was independently associated with CA-AKI, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality among patients undergoing CAG.