Evaluating the Efficacy of Brensocatib in Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis

Abstract

Bronchiectasis is a widely recognised chronic respiratory illness classified in severity by frequency of exacerbations within the past year, percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1), previous hospital admissions and radiological severity, among other factors. The physiological process is understood to be driven by neutrophilic inflammation and subsequent bronchial wall destruction and dilatation. Brensocatib has emerged as a novel adjunct in the management of chronic bronchiectasis as a dipeptidyl peptidase-1 inhibitor, directly targeting the inflammatory process. The editorial aims to review the mechanism of action of brensocatib, current literature surrounding its efficacy and side effect profile, and potential implications of a wider rollout of the medication to the adult UK population. Whilst the current literature does support a modest reduction in the frequency of exacerbations for patients who trialled bresnocatib, there is a large amount of uncertainty regarding long-term safety, implementation into the current regime, and cost-effectiveness.