Analysis of EV Battery Performance Using Different Ambient Temperatures

Abstract

Electric cars (EVs) are increasingly becoming popular because of their efficiency and environmental friendliness. Of the various components found in EVs, one of the components which is vital for the functioning of an EV, both in terms of performance and range, is the battery. This paper studies the performance of EV batteries in different environmental temperatures through MATLAB simulation. The effects of low, normal, and high temperatures (0°C, 25°C, and 45°C) on SOC, voltage, and capacity fade are investigated. The simulation results indicate that, among the three investigated ambient temperatures, 25°C provides the most favorable battery performance in terms of SOC retention, voltage behavior, and capacity characteristics Nevertheless, high operating temperatures adversely affect the battery efficiency and life due to internal resistance and thermal effects. Based on the investigated conditions, maintaining a favorable battery operating temperature is important for improving battery performance. The above discussion will be useful in designing thermal management systems for upcoming EVs.