Jul 2026· International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering Management & Applied Science· Vol 15, pp. 1510-1522· 0 citations· 3 references
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out during the Rabi season of 2026 to evaluate the effect of different organic nutrient sources on the growth performance of knol-khol (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes) under Bundelkhand conditions. The Organic Agriculture Farm, Karguan Ji, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, under a semi-arid subtropical climate on sandy loam soil with neutral to slightly alkaline pH (7.48) and medium fertility status. The initial soil contained 0.48% organic carbon, 236.5 kg ha⁻¹ available nitrogen, 19.2 kg ha⁻¹ available phosphorus, and 247.8 kg ha⁻¹ available potassium, providing suitable conditions for evaluating organic nutrient management. The uniform soil fertility and favorable climatic conditions ensured reliable treatment comparisons, as reflected by the low coefficients of variation and highly significant treatment effects observed in the ANOVA. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) comprising eight treatments with three replications. The treatments consisted of Panchagavya (4%), Jivamrita (20%), Vermiwash (1:5 dilution), their different combinations, Recommended Dose of Fertilizers (RDF: 120:30:30 kg NPK ha⁻¹), and an untreated control. Growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves per plant, and leaf area were recorded at harvest. The results indicated significant differences among treatments. The combined application of Panchagavya (4%) and Jivamrita (20%) (T4) recorded the highest plant height (35.6 cm), maximum number of leaves per plant (18.7), and largest leaf area (400.5 cm²), followed by Panchagavya (4%) + Vermiwash (1:5 dilution) (T5). The control treatment recorded the lowest values for all growth attributes. The superior performance of integrated organic treatments was attributed to improved nutrient availability, enhanced microbial activity, increased production of plant growth-promoting substances, and improved soil fertility. The study concludes that integrated application of Panchagavya and Jivamrita is an effective and sustainable nutrient management strategy for enhancing vegetative growth of knol-khol under Bundelkhand agro-climatic conditions.
A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2024–25 to evaluate the influence of different organic nutrient management practices on the yield performance of Knol-Khol (Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes) under Bundelkhand conditions. The experiment comprised eight treatments, including Panchagavya, Jivamrita, Vermiwash, their combinations, Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF), and an untreated control, arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The Organic Agriculture Farm, Karguan Ji, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, under a semi-arid subtropical climate on sandy loam soil with neutral to slightly alkaline pH (7.48) and medium fertility status. The initial soil contained 0.48% organic carbon, 236.5 kg ha⁻¹ available nitrogen, 19.2 kg ha⁻¹ available phosphorus, and 247.8 kg ha⁻¹ available potassium, providing suitable conditions for evaluating organic nutrient management. The uniform soil fertility and favorable climatic conditions ensured reliable treatment comparisons, as reflected by the low coefficients of variation and highly significant treatment effects observed in the ANOVA. The yield parameters recorded were knob diameter (cm), knob weight (g), and total yield (t ha⁻¹). Statistical analysis using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences among treatments for all the characters studied. The combined application of Panchagavya (4%) + Jivamrita (20%) (T₄) produced the highest knob diameter (9.20 cm), knob weight (410.30 g), and total yield (19.80 t ha⁻¹), which was significantly superior over all other treatments. The lowest values were recorded in the untreated control. The study demonstrated that integrated organic nutrient management enhanced productivity through improved nutrient availability, microbial activity, and better physiological efficiency of the crop.
S. Verma, Harpal Singh, Jitendra Kumar et al.· International journal of res...· 0 citations
gA field experiment was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2024-25 and 2025-26 at the Student Instructional Farm, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India to evaluate the impact of Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) on soil physico-chemical properties and soil fertility under Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications comprising ten nutrient management treatments involving different combinations of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), farmyard manure (FYM), vermicompost, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and Azotobacter. Soil samples collected after harvest were analyzed for physical and chemical properties. Integrated application of organic manures, biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers significantly improved soil health over the control. The treatment comprising 50% RDF + PSB + 2.0 t ha-1 vermicompost + 5.0 t ha-1 FYM (T10) recorded the lowest bulk density (1.24 Mg m-3), particle density (2.34 Mg m-3), soil pH (7.47) and electrical conductivity (0.32 dS m-1), while exhibiting the highest total porosity (46.02%), water holding capacity (39.51%), cation exchange capacity (14.15 Cmol(p⁺) kg-1), organic carbon (0.451%), exchangeable calcium (3.40 Cmol(p⁺) kg-1) and magnesium (1.00 Cmol(p⁺) kg-1) in T10. However, the highest available nitrogen (198.83 kg ha-1) was recorded under 100% RDF (T2), whereas the maximum available phosphorus (24.08 kg ha-1), potassium (228.42 kg ha-1) and sulphur (9.75 kg ha-1) were observed under 75% RDF + PSB + 1.0 t ha-1 vermicompost + 2.5 t ha-1 FYM (T6). The study demonstrates that integrated nutrient management effectively enhances soil physical and chemical properties while improving nutrient availability, thereby contributing to sustainable mustard production.
Mayank Kumar, Anil Kumar Singh, Rohit Jaiswal et al.· Genetics and Molecular Resea...· 0 citations
A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2025–26 at the AICRP on Dryland Agriculture Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India, to evaluate the influence of organic manures and inorganic Fertilizers on the physico-chemical properties of Vertisols under chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivation. The experiment comprised nine treatments involving different levels of inorganic Fertilizers, farmyard manure (FYM), crop residues and their combinations, arranged in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The integrated application of FYM (6 t ha⁻¹) with N₂₀P₁₃ (T₆) significantly improved soil quality compared with the sole inorganic Fertilizer treatments and the control. This treatment recorded the highest soil organic carbon (0.79%), available nitrogen (318 kg ha⁻¹), available phosphorus (16.2 kg ha⁻¹), available potassium (730 kg ha⁻¹) and available sulphur (19.3 mg kg⁻¹). Organic manure treatments also reduced soil bulk density and enhanced water-holding capacity while maintaining soil pH and electrical conductivity within acceptable limits. Furthermore, integrated nutrient management increased the availability of DTPA-extractable micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) and improved chickpea growth and productivity. The results indicate that combining organic manures with inorganic Fertilizers improved soil physico-chemical properties, nutrient availability and soil fertility under the experimental conditions. Integrated nutrient management may therefore be an effective strategy for maintaining soil health and improving crop productivity in Vertisols.
Ranjana Vasunya, Bharat Singh, Divya Bhayal et al.· Journal of Experimental Agri...· 0 citations
A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2019–20 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Satna (Madhya Pradesh), to evaluate the influence of phosphorus and sulphur fertilisation on the growth, yield attributes and productivity of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) under rainfed conditions. The experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil with a slightly alkaline reaction (pH 7.4), low organic carbon (0.338%), available nitrogen (205.4 kg ha⁻¹), available phosphorus (15.38 kg ha⁻¹), available potassium (242.0 kg ha⁻¹) and available sulphur (11.19 kg ha⁻¹). The study comprised three levels of phosphorus (0, 30 and 40 kg ha⁻¹) and three levels of sulphur (0, 30 and 40 kg ha⁻¹), and observations were recorded on plant height, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, seed yield and straw yield. The results revealed that the application of phosphorus and sulphur significantly improved the growth and productivity of linseed over the control. Among the phosphorus levels, application of 30 kg P ha⁻¹ recorded the highest seed yield (418.27 kg ha⁻¹), number of branches per plant (11.65) and capsules per plant (34.53), whereas the maximum plant height at harvest (73.91 cm) was observed with 40 kg P ha⁻¹. Similarly, the application of sulphur at 40 kg ha⁻¹ produced the tallest plants (73.91 cm), the highest number of branches (12.36 plant⁻¹), capsules (36.00 plant⁻¹), seeds per capsule (7.55), seed yield (406.34 kg ha⁻¹) and straw yield (442.62 kg ha⁻¹). These findings indicate that balanced phosphorus and sulphur nutrition plays a crucial role in enhancing vegetative growth, reproductive development and overall productivity of linseed under the rainfed agro-climatic conditions of Chitrakoot. The study suggests that the application of 30 kg P ha⁻¹ is optimal for maximising seed yield, while 40 kg S ha⁻¹ is more effective in improving growth, yield attributes and straw production, thereby offering a practical nutrient management strategy for sustainable linseed cultivation in the Bundelkhand region.
Anisha Jendre, P. Sirothia, U. Mishra· International Journal of Pla...· 0 citations
The present investigation was conducted during June to February for two consecutive years i.e., 2024–25 and 2025–26, in the Department of Fruit Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, to evaluate the influence of integrated nutrient management (INM) on soil nutrient status and economics of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49. Ten treatments comprising vermicompost, dry leaf or paddy straw mulch, Panchagavya, Jivamrit, Amritpani, Azotobacter, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications. Treatment T₉-Vermicompost (1.0 kg tree-1)+dry leaf mulch+Panchagavya (5%)+PSB (50 g tree-1)+Azotobacter (50 g tree-1) recorded the highest available phosphorus (41.54 kg ha-1), bacterial population (7.61×10⁶ CFU g-1), and fungal population (5.72×10⁴ CFU g-1 soil). fruit yield (13.83 and 15.22 t ha-1), gross returns (Rs. 276,642 and ` 417,124 ha-1) and net returns (Rs. 164,104 and Rs. 304,586 ha-1) during the first and second years, respectively. Treatment T₈ recorded the highest available potassium (215.27 kg ha-1), T₃ recorded the highest soil pH (7.33) and organic matter (1.11%), whereas T₂ recorded the highest available nitrogen (207.00 kg ha-1). The highest benefit: cost ratio was obtained with T₁₀-Vermicompost (1.0 kg tree-1)+paddy straw mulch+Jivamrit (20%)+PSB (50 g tree-1)+Azotobacter (50 g tree-1) (1.57 and 2.73). Correlation and principal component analyses confirmed the positive influence of integrated nutrient management on soil nutrient dynamics. Overall, integrated nutrient management proved effective in improving soil fertility, productivity and profitability of guava cultivation in the plains of north India.
M. Pal, V. Tripathi· International Journal of Eco...· 0 citations
A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2025-26 at the Agriculture Research and Development Centre, Sakatpura, School of Agriculture Science, Vikrant University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, to evaluate the yield and economic responses of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) to biochar-based nutrient management. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments comprised an absolute control, 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF: 80:40:40:40 kg N:P₂O₅:K₂O:S ha⁻¹), and 100% or 75% RDF combined with mustard stover, Lantana camara, or wood/forest residue biochar @ 5.0 t ha⁻¹. The highest yield attributes were obtained with 100% RDF + Lantana camara biochar @ 5.0 t ha⁻¹ (T₄), which recorded 340.00 siliquae plant⁻¹, 14.60 seeds siliqua⁻¹, and a 1,000-seed weight of 5.21 g. The same treatment produced the maximum seed yield (21.72 q ha⁻¹), stover yield (44.00 q ha⁻¹), biological yield (65.72 q ha⁻¹), gross returns (₹1,52,320 ha⁻¹), and net returns (₹1,03,720 ha⁻¹). However, 75% RDF + Lantana camara biochar @ 5.0 t ha⁻¹ (T₇) recorded the highest benefit:cost ratio (3.14), with a comparable seed yield of 20.67 q ha⁻¹. The results indicated that integrating lantana biochar with fertilizer improved mustard productivity and profitability, while 75% RDF + lantana biochar may serve as a fertilizer-saving option where local biochar material is available.
Harish Batham, S. Singh, Hirdesh Kumar et al.· International Journal of Pla...· 0 citations
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