Comparison of Platelet Indices in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

Abstract

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) remains a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. Platelet activation plays a crucial role in the atherothrombotic process underlying ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI). This study aimed to analyze differences in platelet indices between STEMI and NSTEMI patients at Advent Hospital Bandar Lampung. An analytical observational study with a retrospective approach was conducted involving 104 eligible patients. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed using the chi-square, Mann–Whitney, and independent samples t-tests. The results showed that sex was significantly associated with myocardial infarction type (p=0.018), while NSTEMI patients were significantly older than STEMI patients (p=0.014). The median platelet count was significantly higher in STEMI patients than in NSTEMI patients (416,500 vs. 310,000 cells/mm³; p<0.001). Mean MPV, PDW, and PCT values were also significantly higher in STEMI patients, with p-values of 0.015, 0.001, and 0.007, respectively. In conclusion, platelet count, Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Plateletcrit (PCT) differed significantly between STEMI and NSTEMI patients and may serve as additional hematological parameters in the evaluation of ACS patients.