Potencial agrícola de los suelos de Guayas para la producción de ciclo corto

Abstract

The assessment of the agricultural potential of soils is a fundamental tool for guiding sustainable land use and strengthening the production of short-cycle crops in regions subject to climatic and productive pressures. The aim of this study was to determine the agricultural potential of soils in the province of Guayas for the production of short-cycle crops, taking into account edaphic, climatic and agronomic management aspects. A systematic, descriptive and qualitative literature review was carried out, involving the search for and selection of scientific literature, technical reports and institutional documents published between 2016 and 2025. A total of 32 documents were analysed, organised into five thematic areas relating to soil characterisation, productive potential, soil constraints, climate vulnerability and technological innovation. The results revealed significant agricultural potential, particularly for rice and maize, underpinned by the fertility of alluvial soils. However, salinity, the presence of cadmium and arsenic, water variability, climate vulnerability and limited adoption of technology constrain productivity. It is concluded that the sustainable utilisation of agricultural potential requires the integration of soil management, climate adaptation, technological innovation, technical assistance and territorial monitoring.