Análisis del agroecosistema malanga en el municipio de Actopan

Abstract

In the last two decades, taro [Colocasia esculenta L. Schott] cultivation in Actopan, Veracruz, has become more economically relevant; however, it faces multifactorial challenges. This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis (productive, socioeconomic and environmental) of the taro agroecosystem. Geographic information systems and a survey of key actors were used. The results indicate a total average yield of 21.3 t ha-1 and high profitability, with benefit-to-cost ratios (B/C) of 2.78 and 3.09 for the domestic and export markets, respectively. Nonetheless, factors such as rent costs reduce profit by 40%; likewise, the intensive use of continuous-flow irrigation compromises water and financial sustainability. It is concluded that the sector’s stability requires moving towards association schemes, implementing safety certifications and a technological redesign of irrigation to ensure the agroecosystem’s resilience in the face of market volatility.