真实产业场景中的航天“做中学”闭环构建与常态化实施路径——以哈尔滨市继红小学联合工大卫星、华航星间落实科学教育指南为例

Abstract

The Ministry of Education’s Guidelines on "Learning by Doing" in Science Education for Compulsory Education calls for real-problem-driven, cross-disciplinary project-based inquiry to address the problem of "emphasizing knowledge over practice" in science education and bridge the "last mile" of practice-based education. As a national science-education pilot, Harbin Jihong Primary School partnered with Harbin HTSAT and Huahang Inter-satellite, taking the aerospace first lesson of the National Science Popularization Month as the entry point, to design a four-stage closed loop—school-based initiation, in-school PBL priming, off-campus deep study, and evaluative archiving. A Beidou class builds a "question wall" from students’ home observation tasks; Galaxy Classroom, China Star Valley and HTSAT assembly/testing workshops provide authentic engineering contexts; and the "Design a Longjiang Satellite" task carries out the full chain of hypothesis, design, evidence, fabrication, improvement and reflection. Supported by the Golden-Seed STEM study consortium, the model establishes three-party collaboration, five-sharing mechanisms, digital portfolios and seed-teacher training. It shows that commercial aerospace production lines can be transformed into basic-education classrooms, helping aerospace inquiry shift from "listening and visiting" to engineering practice, from one-off activities to regularized four-period-per-semester implementation, and from school-only efforts to replicable school-enterprise collaboration, providing a promotable model for implementing the guidelines.