A pure source transfer domain decomposition method for Helmholtz equations in 3D unbounded domain

Abstract

We develop and analyze a three-dimensional pure source transfer domain decomposition method (PSTDDM) for the Helmholtz equation in free space. Extending the two-dimensional PSTDDM proposed by [Du and Wu, J. Sci. Comput., 83(2020),83:68], the proposed method transfers sources successively along the $x_1$, $x_2$, and $x_3$ directions, yielding layer-wise, bar-wise, and block-wise PSTDDMs. The main challenge in the convergence analysis is deriving wavenumber-explicit truncation-error estimates. To address this challenge, we establish inf--sup conditions for the uniaxial perfectly matched layer (UPML) problem under relaxed restrictions on the PML parameters and reformulate the source-transfer operators. We then introduce a positive-definite reconstruction step that produces a globally conforming approximation. In addition, a new quantitative lower bound is established for the imaginary part of the complex PML distance, more easily yielding exponential decay estimates in three dimensions. These lead to wavenumber-explicit convergence estimates for all three PSTDDMs. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods both as direct solvers and as preconditioners for GMRES.