Convective MHD Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid over a Power-Law Form Stretching/Shrinking Sheet with Joule Heating

Abstract

This study examines the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convective behavior of a hybrid nanofluid flowing over a sheet undergoing power-law stretching or shrinking. The governing momentum and energy partial differential equations are reduced to a coupled system of ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions are computed using MATLAB's bvp4c solver, demonstrating that key parameters including magnetic field intensity, stretching/shrinking rate, power-law index, and nanoparticle volume fraction affect the velocity and temperature distributions. Dual solutions are obtained in specific parameter ranges. An increase in the Joule heating parameter raises the temperature in both solutions. Additionally, the temperature profile decreases in both scenarios when the suction parameter is higher. The temperature profile of both solutions increases as the magnetic parameter increases. The first solution experiences an increase in the velocity profile as the suction parameter increases, while the second solution experiences a decrease in the velocity profile.