Guar gum-based multi-dynamic cross-linked network hydrogel with wound adaptability and microenvironment regulation for the treatment of burn infections.

Abstract

Burn wounds are often complicated by infection, inflammation, and severe pain. Conventional hydrogel dressings fail to meet the complex demands of infected burn wounds due to poor mechanical compliance and limited biological functions. To overcome these bottlenecks and actively regulate the wound microenvironment, a functionalized guar gum-based hydrogel (GEB-ME) featuring a multi-dynamic cross-linked network was developed. The hydrogel demonstrated conformal filling of irregular wounds and rapid self-healing of its mechanical integrity following damage. Capable of adhering to the wound site and accommodating deformations from external mechanical stress and physiological movement, the hydrogel provided continuous, reliable barrier protection for complex wounds. Furthermore, it exhibited an analgesic effect, effectively eliminated pathogenic bacteria, and scavenged reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative stress. The hydrogel also downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) while promoting angiogenesis. Benefiting from its excellent biocompatibility, the hydrogel showed significant therapeutic efficacy in an in vivo model of infected burn wounds. Its unique integration of the multi-dynamic network and intrinsic bioactivity endows the hydrogel with adaptability and microenvironment-regulating capabilities, offering a promising strategy for burn wound management.