Developing FlashCard Media for Mathematics Multiplication to Improve Learning Outcomes in Elementary Students

Abstract

This study is motivated by the limited use of interactive visual media in elementary mathematics, which significantly impacts low multiplication learning outcomes. The study aims to develop and evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of thematic FlashCard media to improve students' numeracy skills on multiplication. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) design with the ADDIE model, involving 30 grade V students at SDN Jatinegara 03 Pagi Jakarta selected through saturated sampling. Data were collected using validation questionnaires, observations, and pre-test/post-test instruments, then analyzed through descriptive percentages and N-Gain. The findings reveal that the media is highly feasible based on material (86%), language (83.33%), and design (85.88%) expert validations. Implementation shows an average score increase from 53.83 to 74.50, with an N-Gain of 0.45 categorized as moderate. The study concludes that thematic FlashCard media is sufficiently effective in enhancing multiplication comprehension. The implications include practical recommendations for teachers to adopt thematic visual tools as an alternative to conventional teaching methods in elementary mathematics instruction.