An Approximate Solution of a Fractional-Order Epidemic Model Using the Homotopy Perturbation Method

Abstract

Ebola virus disease is a highly infectious and life-threatening illness that poses a major public health challenge. In this study, a fractional-order Ebola virus transmission model is developed to describe the spread of the disease within a population. The model uses fractional differential equations to incorporate memory effects in the transmission dynamics. Because the resulting system is nonlinear and difficult to solve exactly, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is applied to obtain approximate analytical solutions. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the behavior of the model and to examine the influence of the semi-analytical method on disease spread. The results show that the homotopy perturbation method is an effective technique for solving fractional epidemic models and provides useful insights into Ebola virus transmission dynamics.