Sistem Irigasi Otomatis Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) untuk Tanaman Cabai Menggunakan ESP32 dengan Kendali Kelembapan dan Suhu Tanah di Desa Boja

Abstract

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) requires controlled soil moisture to support proper growth, while soil temperature can serve as a supporting environmental parameter. This study aims to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based automatic irrigation system using an ESP32 microcontroller for chili cultivation in Boja Village. The system employs a soil moisture sensor as the primary parameter to determine irrigation needs, and a DS18B20 sensor as a supporting parameter to determine irrigation duration. Sensor data are displayed on a 16×2 I2C LCD and transmitted to the Blynk application via Wi-Fi for real-time monitoring, with both automatic and manual operating modes. Functional testing was conducted using 600-gram soil samples in small pots under six combinations of soil moisture and temperature conditions, followed by connectivity and manual-control tests. Product validation used a four-point Likert questionnaire with one internal validator (the supervising lecturer) and one external validator (the user). Both validations produced a score of 37 out of 40 (92.5%). The prototype successfully performs all tested functional scenarios according to the designed control logic, while quantitative sensor accuracy, response time, and water-use efficiency still require further evaluation.