Aug 2026· Toxics· Vol 14, pp. 685· 0 citations· 44 references
Medicine
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of stroke have been reported in many studies, but the results vary greatly among different regions. This study aims to investigate the association between short-term exposure to air pollution and the admission of total stroke and its subtypes in the Luohu District, Shenzhen. A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted among 21,973 newly diagnosed stroke cases in Luohu, Shenzhen from 2014 to 2022. Residential exposure to air pollution was assessed using validated grid datasets. A distributed lag model (DLM) and conditional logistic regression model were implemented to evaluate the relationship between ambient air pollution and the admission of stroke and its subtypes. We found that a 10 µg/m3 increase in exposure to NO2 and SO2 was positively associated with a 2.73% increase (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.21%, 3.25%) and a 24.89% increase (20.87%, 29.06%) in the odds of total stroke admission, respectively. Statistical significance has also been found in subtypes. Stronger associations were observed in females (SO2), the elderly (NO2 and SO2), and the cold season (NO2 and SO2). Our findings indicate that exposure to NO2 and SO2 exacerbates the risk of stroke admission, especially in the elderly, females, and the cold season.
A significant association between short-term exposure to air pollutants and CKD mortality in the population of Zhejiang Province is revealed and a need for governmental authorities to enhance the monitoring and control of air pollution to mitigate the health burden on the elderly is suggested.
Pin-Yuan Dai, Xiao-Yan Zhou, Wei-Wei Gong et al.· BMC Nephrology· 0 citations
Novel evidence is provided that short-term absolute increases in air pollution levels are associated with elevated risks of depression, which is worth consideration in future disease prevention practices.
Yating Ma, Chen-Lu Yang, Lijun Bai et al.· Ecotoxicology and Environmen...· 0 citations
Ambient air pollution, particularly fine particulate matter (PM
2.5
), has been linked to cerebrovascular disease. However, findings on the short-term effects of PM
2.5
exposure on hemorrhagic stroke (HS) have been inconsistent across studies. Therefore, this study investigated the association between short-term PM
2.5
exposure and HS hospitalization in Yancheng, China.
An individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted using hospitalization records of patients with HS from four major hospitals in Yancheng between 2022 and 2024. Conditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate the associations between short-term PM
2.5
exposure and HS hospitalization across different lag structures. Stratified analyses were further performed according to sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, alcohol consumption, and season.
A total of 2,312 patients hospitalized for HS were included in the analysis. The strongest association was observed at lag01, where each 10 μg/m
3
increase in PM
2.5
concentration was associated with a 3.24% increase in HS hospitalization (95% CI: 0.55%−6.00%). Significant increases were also observed at lag0 and lag1, with corresponding effect estimates of 2.50% (95% CI: 0.11%−4.95%) and 2.76% (95% CI: 0.32%−5.27%), respectively. The associations remained significant after adjustment for ozone (O
3
) but were no longer statistically significant after adjustment for sulfur dioxide (SO
2
), nitrogen dioxide (NO
2
), and carbon monoxide (CO). Relatively stronger effect estimates were observed among females, older adults, individuals with hypertension or diabetes, smokers, alcohol consumers, and during the cold season.
Short-term PM
2.5
exposure was associated with an increased risk of HS hospitalization in Yancheng, China, with the strongest effects observed within the first two days after exposure. The associations were more pronounced among susceptible populations and during the cold season.
K. Qian, Xiao-Rong Xu, Chunxiang Xu et al.· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO exposures were associated with COPD hospitalization in Kashi, precautionary measures should be taken with a focus on vulnerable subgroups, to control hospitalization for COPD associated with air pollutants.
Li Li, Ayiguli Alimu, Jing-Ran Xu et al.· International Journal of COP...· 0 citations
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) imposes a substantial and growing burden globally. Short-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to AMI mortality, yet most studies have focused on absolute pollutant concentrations. The association between daily changes in PM2.5 and AMI hospitalizations remains poorly understood. Methods We conducted an individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study in Zhongshan, China, from 2020 to 2024. A total of 1,795 AMI hospitalizations were identified from a tertiary hospital, with 5,877 control days matched by day of week within the same calendar month. Daily PM2.5 exposure was assigned based on residential address using the China High Air Pollutants (CHAP) dataset at 1 km resolution. Conditional logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the association between a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (both absolute concentration and day-to-day change) and AMI hospitalization, adjusting for temperature, relative humidity, and public holidays. Subgroup analyses were performed by age, sex, season, AMI subtype, and comorbidities. Results A 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 from the previous day to the admission day (lag0–lag1) was associated with a 7.89% (95% CI: 0.86%–15.40%) higher odds of AMI hospitalization. Associations were found among females (22.58%), adults aged >65 years (22.16%), cold-season admissions (10.85%), and patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (17.90%), with age identified as a significant effect modifier (P for interaction < 0.05). Results remained robust after adjustment for co-pollutants (except for nitrogen dioxide) and alternative degrees of freedom (df) for temperature and relative humidity. Conclusion Daily increments in ambient PM2.5 concentration were independently associated with an increased risk of AMI hospitalization, particularly among females, older adults, and patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. These findings suggested that day-to-day PM2.5 variability may warrant consideration in future cardiovascular prevention frameworks.
Huan-Li Zeng, Xin Li, Yu-Hua Zhao et al.· Frontiers in Public Health· 0 citations
Background/Objectives: Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability globally, with considerable regional heterogeneity in incidence and mortality reflecting differences in classical vascular risk factors and environmental determinants. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an established modifiable environmental risk factor, yet its association with regional stroke disparities remains understudied in Mediterranean European contexts. We examined regional differences in stroke hospitalization and mortality and their ecological associations with long-term air-pollution exposure across Spain’s 17 autonomous communities from 2013 to 2021. Methods: We conducted a nationwide longitudinal ecological study using aggregated stroke indicators from INCLASNS and ambient air-pollution data from MITECO. The dataset comprised 306 sex-specific region-year observations. The primary outcome was the age-standardized hospitalization rate (ASHR); secondary outcomes were CHR, CMR, ASMR, CFR, and IMI. Associations were assessed using correlation analyses, temporal trends, regional comparisons, and multivariable regression. Sex-stratified analyses were considered exploratory because pollutant concentrations were measured at the regional-year level and were not sex-specific. Results: Mean ASHR was 20.1 ± 5.4 per 10,000 population, with marked regional variation. PM2.5 showed the largest positive ecological correlation with ASMR among all pollutants examined (r = 0.264, p < 0.001), although the correlation remained weak. Overall pollutant–outcome correlations were weak and heterogeneous in direction. Regional variation in stroke burden was not adequately explained by the available air-pollution indicators. Conclusions: PM2.5 was weakly associated with ASMR, whereas associations with hospitalization and other pollutants were small and inconsistent. These ecological findings do not support causal or individual-level inference and warrant confirmation using higher-resolution exposure and individual-level data.
J. Ramírez-Moreno, Víctor Martín Hernández, Andrea Parejo Olivera et al.· Medical Science· 0 citations
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