A Haar wavelet-based method for solving nonlinear variable-order fractional integro-differential equations

Abstract

This paper presents an efficient numerical approach for solving nonlinear variable-order fractional integro-differential equations. The proposed method combines the Haar wavelet collocation method with the Caputo fractional derivative to obtain accurate numerical approximations of the solution. The performance of the method is examined through several benchmark test problems. For each example, the accuracy and reliability of the proposed scheme are assessed using the maximum absolute error and the root mean square error for different numbers of collocation points.