Case of MYB-Rearranged Prostatic Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

Abstract

Simple Summary Prostatic adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma is an exceptionally rare malignancy that can mimic more common prostate tumors, creating important diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We report a 62-year old man initially managed as having high-risk conventional prostate cancer. Reassessment of the pathological and immunohistochemical findings, together with detection of an MYB rearrangement via fluorescence in situ hybridization, supported reclassification of the tumor as prostatic adenoid cystic/basal cell carcinoma and prompted reconsideration of the initial diagnostic and management approach. Following radical surgery, adjuvant paclitaxel plus carboplatin was administered as an individualized empirical treatment in the absence of an established disease-specific standard. No definite recurrence or metastasis was detected during approximately nine and a half months of postoperative follow-up. This case highlights the value of integrated pathological and molecular assessment in diagnostically challenging prostate tumors while underscoring the need for further evidence to define optimal management strategies and long-term outcomes.