Understanding motivation among NEET youth: Pathways towards education and work

Abstract

Young people not in education, employment or training (NEETs) face significant risks of social exclusion and economic marginalisation. This study explores the motivational factors influencing their decisions to reengage with education or employment using a grounded theory approach. Data from semi-structured interviews with 15 participants (aged 18-30) in Slovakia's Liptov and Orava regions were analysed through systematic coding procedures. Findings reveal that motivations are multidimensional, shaped by an interplay of economic, personal, social and educational-professional factors. Economic needs for financial stability emerged as the primary driver, complemented by personal motivations such as self-fulfilment and the need for daily structure. Social influences from family and peers manifested as both support and pressure. When labour market opportunities are constrained, educational pathways are frequently adopted as a compensatory strategy. The study concludes that NEETs' transitions are adaptive, non-linear and context-sensitive, underscoring the need for multidimensional interventions to foster sustainable reintegration.