Petroleum production process optimization on the arctic shelf with the application of information technologies

Abstract

Introduction. The article presents the findings of a study aimed at analyzing the experience of hydrocarbon extraction in hard-to-reach marine and coastal areas of the Arctic. The Arctic zone, which has significant hydrocarbon reserves, is a promising, but meanwhile extremely difficult region for oil production, given that the rate of glacier melting is increasing. Ground freezing and thermal insulation are necessary for ensuring uninterrupted equipment operation; in addition, ice monitoring and forecasting systems are required, as well as the development of special structures capable of withstanding ice pressure. Research methods and materials. The results of geophysical, physical, environmental research, and petroleum production and operations, made by Russian and foreign scientists, served as the material for the analysis. The research was fulfilled with the use of the following methods: the analysis of scientific and technical findings, the study of core business activities, the classification and comparison of digital data. Research results. Petroleum production in the cryolithic zone is carried out with the application of hydraulic flushing methods, or the creation of artificial islands, directional drilling, cluster drilling, and remote-controlled drilling. The technological basis of Arctic drilling is represented by the most stable platforms of various types and equipment made of high-strength and frost-resistant materials to minimize the impact on the environment, thermally insulated drill strings, freeze inhibitors and stabilizers for clay rocks, soil temperature regulation, the application of cold-resistant steels, and polymeric materials that retain their properties at extremely low temperatures. Information technologies are widely used in oil and gas production in the Arctic in such areas as seismic, electrical, magnetic, and gravity exploration; geological, hydrodynamic, logistical, and simulation modeling of reservoirs; automation with the assistance of unmanned aerial vehicles, robotics, diagnostics, SCADA systems, ERP systems; geographic information systems – mapping and spatial analysis, environmental monitoring, resource planning and management. Conclusion. Island drilling allows extraction operations in the Arctic to be carried out from ice in shallow waters and offshore areas with minimal impact on the marine environment and maximum stability of drilling platforms. Energy management information systems are used to optimize the operation of life support systems on drilling platforms and vessels, reduce resource consumption and minimize environmental emissions.