Dermatology-Related Quality-of-Life Impairment among Saudi Adolescents and Young Adults with Acne Vulgaris: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Acne vulgaris can impair dermatology-related quality of life by affecting emotional well-being, participation, education, relationships and daily activities. This patient-reported burden is distinct from psychiatric morbidity and may not align with clinical disease severity. Objective: This study evaluated dermatology-related quality-of-life impairment among Saudi adolescents and young adults with acne and examined sociodemographic differences. Methods: A descriptive, exploratory cross-sectional online survey using non-probability convenience sampling was conducted from January to August 2024. Saudi participants aged 16-30 years with acne vulgaris provided demographic information and completed the validated Arabic version of the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Results: Among 1,095 participants, the mean age was 23.0±4.5 years and 61.0% were female. A total of 892 participants (81.5%; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 79.1-83.7%) reported at least some impairment and 35.2% experienced a very large or extremely large effect. The mean DLQI score was 7.7±6.0. A moderate or greater effect was observed in 56.7%. At least some physical symptoms were reported by 73.9% of participants and embarrassment or self-consciousness was reported by 71.4%. Among age groups, participants aged 16-18 years had the highest mean DLQI score (8.8±6.0). Conclusion: A total of 81.5% of participants reported at least some DLQI impairment, with 35.2% experiencing a very large or extremely large effect. These findings should not be interpreted as nationally representative. Quality-of-life assessments may help identify individuals who require evaluation, counseling and psychosocial support as part of acne management in dermatology and primary care settings.