Design and development of an H-shaped wearable antenna for medical and wireless applications using textile materials

Abstract

The main goal of this research is to design, develop, and fabricate a small H-stub antenna suitable for contemporary wireless communication systems. The antenna’s 46 mm × 30 mm × 1.6 mm dimensions make it perfect for uses where weight and size are crucial limitations. By functioning well at 2.5 GHz to 12 GHz frequencies that correspond to important bands in modern wireless technologies, the suggested antenna exhibits triple-mode capability. The antenna employs innovative design techniques, including a parasitic strip and a reconfigurable ground plane slot, to accomplish efficient energy distribution across the antenna, incorporating H-shaped stubs that extend from the ground. Using a thick Teflon, yarns, and FR4 substrate ensures that the antenna meets the needs of modern wireless communication systems and also boosts bandwidth. Despite its small size, the antenna’s adaptability comes from its ability to retain high efficiency and dependability over various frequency bands. Performance tests verify that the antenna can provide broad bandwidth, high radiation efficiency, and steady operation, all of which are in line with the changing needs of next-generation wireless communication. As Internet of Things (IoT) applications proliferate in today’s communication networks, there is an increasing need for tiny antennas. IoT applications widely use microstrip patch antennas due to their compatibility. Because it is designed to function at a frequency of 2.5 GHz to 12 GHz, it may be used for IoT applications. It is designed to be used as an integrated antenna in an IoT device and is composed of a variety of H shapes. The main findings of this study show that, in comparison to a conventional antenna, the optimised shaped antenna enhanced bandwidth, gain, and return loss.