The urgent need for reliable biomarkers, early diagnosis, and multidisciplinary disease-modifying strategies for future therapeutic interventions is highlighted, with particular emphasis on challenges associated with bench-to-bedside translation.
The urgent need for reliable biomarkers, early diagnosis, and multidisciplinary disease-modifying strategies for future therapeutic interventions is highlighted, with particular emphasis on challenges associated with bench-to-bedside translation.
Jeewanjot Singh, Subhi Sharma, Prabhjot Singh et al.· Advances in Modern Biomedici...· 0 citations
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder marked by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Its clinical features include motor symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. The pathophysiology of PD involves oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment, neuroinflammation, protein misfolding, and aberrant alpha-synuclein aggregation, which disrupt dopaminergic signaling pathways. Biomarkers such as α-synuclein, DJ-1, neurofilament light chain, and imaging biomarkers such as DAT-SPECT are being studied for early diagnosis, evaluation of disease progression, and therapy monitoring. Although advancements have been made, current options-such as dopamine replacement therapy, deep brain stimulation, and physiotherapy-remain largely symptomatic, carry long-term side effects, and fail to halt disease progression. Nanotechnology advancements have brought a major paradigm shift in the management of PD. Curcumin, Resveratrol, and EGCG are bioactive compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. However, their clinical use is limited because of poor bioavailability and stability. Nanocarrier systems such as liposomes, dendrimers, and polymeric nanoparticles improve targeted delivery through the blood-brain barrier. This helps in reducing systemic toxicity and enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. The therapeutic mechanism of these nanoformulations mainly involves free radical scavenging, modulation of mitochondrial function, inhibition of α-synuclein fibril formation, and regulation of cell signal transduction pathways such as Nrf2/ARE and NF-κB. The major challenges include large-scale production, long-term safety assessment, regulatory challenges, and site-specific delivery. Future research is moving toward the convergence of gene therapy, nanomedicine, and precision targeting to develop disease-modifying therapy. This approach aims not only to control symptoms but also to potentially control neurodegeneration in PD.
P. Gaur, Prachee Raje Bisht, Sonia Lal Gupta· Journal of Biomaterials Scie...· 0 citations
Overall, saponins represent a promising avenue for the development of novel neuroprotective and disease-modifying therapies for PD, and challenges such as poor bioavailability in natural sources and limited access to brain remain significant barriers to clinical translation.
Debasmita Tripathy, Shreya Sen Sarma, Deepak Kumar et al.· Neurochemistry International· 0 citations
This review focuses on the potential molecular mechanism underlying KLF4-mediated neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis and targeting them appears to be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating PD.
Anjali Kumari, K. Aran· Current Medical Science· 0 citations
A narrative review evaluates the therapeutic potential of semaglutide in PD, focusing on its molecular mechanisms and preclinical and emerging clinical evidence, and suggests that semaglutide crosses the blood-brain barrier and activates GLP-1 receptors in neuronal and glial cells, reducing microglial activation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress while improving mitochondrial function, cellular metabolism, and neuronal survival.
Dipesh Kumar, Renuka Sahu, Naveen Kumar et al.· International Journal of Sci...· 0 citations
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, leading to striatal dopamine depletion and resulting motor (e.g., tremor, bradykinesia) and non-motor symptoms (e.g., cognitive decline and sleep abnormalities). Current treatment strategies mainly focus on dopamine replacement therapy and deep brain stimulation. Although these methods can temporarily relieve symptoms, they cannot reverse nerve damage, and long-term use is associated with obvious side effects and potential risks. There is thus an urgent clinical need for new radical treatment methods. Stem cell therapy, leveraging self-renewal, multi-directional differentiation and paracrine regulation, has become a research hotspot in the field of PD treatment, bringing new hope for the radical cure of PD. This review synthesizes the research status and core issues of stem cell therapy for PD, offering practical insights for future research and clinical trials, and promoting the standardization and interdisciplinary development of regenerative neuroscience.
Lian-Cheng Zhi· Journal of Clinical Technolo...· 0 citations
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