Design and Implementation of a Standalone Multi-Parameter Clinical Health Monitoring and Alert System

Abstract

Continuous monitoring of patient health parameters is important for identifying abnormal conditions as early as possible. Conventional monitoring methods usually depend on measurements taken at specific times, which may not detect sudden changes between measurements. This project presents a standalone clinical health monitoring and alert system designed to continuously monitor several health-related parameters and provide immediate local warnings. The proposed system uses a NodeMCU ESP8266 as the main processing unit. It is connected to a DS18B20 temperature sensor, a pulse oximeter for heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂), an AD8232 ECG sensor, and an MPU6050 sensor for fall detection. The collected readings are processed by the NodeMCU and displayed through a 16×2 I2C LCD. A red LED and an active buzzer are used to indicate abnormal conditions, while a green LED indicates normal operation. The implemented system uses predefined threshold values and a state-based control method to identify conditions such as abnormal temperature, low oxygen level, abnormal heart rate, ECG lead disconnection, and falls. Testing was performed under normal and simulated abnormal conditions. The results showed that the system successfully detected the tested conditions and generated the corresponding visual and audible alerts. The prototype provides a low-cost and portable solution for local health monitoring.